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Chapter
9. THE ACCESSORY GENITAL GLANDS
PROSTATE
GLAND
- The prostate gland is a
musculonlandular body that completely surrounds the neck of the
bladder and the beginning of the urethra in the dog, or in other
domesticated animals lies on the dorsal aspect of the neck of the
bladder and surrounds the beginning of the urethra. The prostate
which is encapsulated is ovoid in shaped in the dog and is divided
ventrally by a shallow longitudinal furrow into right and left
lobes. The prostate is the only genital accessory gland in the
dog. In addition to the prostate gland, a bulbourethral gland is
present in the cat.
POSITION
OF PROSTATE GLAND
- Depending on the degree of
distention of the urinary bladder, the relationships of the
prostate may vary. If the bladder is full, the gland may be in the
abdominal region cranial to the pubis; or if the bladder is
contracted, it may lie caudal to the brim of the pelvis. the
dorsal surface of the prostate is separated from the ventral
surface of the rectum by two layers of peritoneum which bound the
potential rectogenital space. Ventrally, the prostate normally
lies on the symphysis pelvis, partially separated from it by a
double layer of peritoneum.
- The numerous excretory
ducts of the prostate open into the urethra in the vicinity of
the colliculus seminalis. It is thought by some that prostatic
secretion renders the spermatozoa actively mobile. Others believe
that the prostate functions to thin and to increase the volume of
semen.
ARTERIAL
SUPPLY TO PENIS AND PREPUC IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS
- The internal pudendal
artery ("visceral branch") is the principal source of blood
supply to the penis and prepuce in the dog and cat. It originates
form the internal iliac artery.Its branches are:
Prostatic ("urogenital") artery
- - to ductus deferens as the
ductus deferens artery;
- - to caudal part of bladder as
caudal vesicle artery;
- - to caudal ureters as
ureteral branch;
- - to prostate gland;
and
- - to mid-rectum as middle
rectal artery.
- The continuation of the
internal pudendal artery terminates as the urethral, ventral
perineal and artery of the penis.
- Urenthral artery - to
pelvic urethra.
-
- Ventral perineal -
supplies the terminal rectum as the caudal rectal
artery and the skin of the caudal scrotum as the caudal
scrotal branch.
-
- Artery of the penis -
its branchyes are: ; artery to the bulb of the penis; deep
artery of the penis; and dorsal artery of the
penis.